1. 本义:把属于自己的东西分给他人,使对方也能拥有或使用。如“share a cake with a friend”(和朋友分蛋糕)。2. 引申义:共同使用某物,不强调分配,而强调共同参与,如“share a room with a roommate”(和室友共用房间)。3. 进一步引申:分担责任、情感等抽象事物,如“share the burden with someone”(与某人分担负担)。4. 现代常用义:告知、透露信息,尤其指将消息、想法等传递给他人,如“share news with the public”(向公众分享消息)。这些义项都围绕“使他人参与或获得”这一核心,从具体到抽象,从物质到信息。
1. 日常口语:最常用,语气轻松,如“Can you share your fries with me?”(你能和我分享薯条吗?)。2. 商务邮件:正式,常指分享信息、文件或资源,如“Please share the report with the team.”(请把报告分享给团队)。3. 学术写作:客观,指共同使用数据、方法或成果,如“The authors share their data with the research community.”(作者与研究界共享数据)。4. 新闻报道:指公开信息,如“The company shared its profits with employees.”(公司分享利润给员工)。5. 文学作品:富有情感,常指分享内心感受,如“She shared her fears with him.”(她向他倾诉恐惧)。
语法要点
“share with”是及物动词短语,结构为“share + 名词/代词 + with + 人/群体”。例如“I shared the food with my family.”。也可后接that从句,如“She shared with me that she was moving.”。易错点:1. 不要遗漏with,直接说“share someone”是错的;2. 当宾语是代词时,需用宾格,如“share it with me”;3. 被动语态为“be shared with”,如“The information was shared with all.”。
近义辨析
1. “share with”强调共同拥有或使用,而“divide with”更侧重分配,如“divide the cake with him”(和他分蛋糕,但可能侧重各得一份)。2. “part with”意为“放弃、交出”,如“He parted with his old car.”(他卖掉了旧车),不强调分享。3. “tell”侧重告知,但不强调共同参与,如“tell a secret to someone”(告诉秘密),而“share a secret”则包含信任和共同承担。4. “distribute”更正式,指系统分发,如“distribute leaflets”(分发传单)。选择时,若强调共同体验,用share with;若强调分配动作,用divide或distribute。
需要留意
“share with”语域中性,正式与非正式场合均可使用。无褒贬色彩,但具体语境可能隐含积极或消极意义,如“share the blame”(分担责任)中性,“share a secret”(分享秘密)含信任。常见误用:1. 用“share to”代替“share with”,如“share to me”是错的,应为“share with me”。2. 在正式写作中,避免过度使用“share”指代“告诉”,可用“communicate”或“disclose”。3. 注意与“share in”区分,后者指参与分享,如“share in the profits”(参与利润分享),而“share with”侧重对象。
常用组合
share something with someone
与某人分享某物
share a room with
与……共用房间
share information with
与……分享信息
share responsibility with
与……分担责任
share experiences with
与……分享经历
share a meal with
与……共餐
share data with
与……共享数据
双语例句
I shared my lunch with my colleague.
我和同事分享了午餐。
She shared her concerns with the manager.
她向经理倾诉了她的担忧。
The company shared its quarterly results with investors.