Heijin

obviously

英 /ˈɒbviəsli/美 /ˈɑːbviəsli/

adv. 副词

明显地;显然;显而易见地

含义详解

本义为“以明显的方式”,源自形容词obvious(明显的)。引申义有三:其一,用于陈述显而易见的事实,如“Obviously, water is wet.”(显然,水是湿的。);其二,用于表达说话者认为对方应该知道的信息,带有轻微责备或强调的语气,如“Obviously, you should have checked first.”(显然,你应该先检查一下。);其三,在口语中用作话语标记,表示“当然”或“很明显”,如“Are you coming? Obviously!”(你来吗?当然!)。引申关系从“方式明显”到“信息明显”再到“态度明显”。

词源解析

词源:源自拉丁语 obvius(在路上的,挡住去路的),由 ob-(朝向)+ via(路)构成,本义是“在路上可见的”,引申为“明显的”。构词:obvious(形容词)+ -ly(副词后缀)。记忆:想象一个东西堵在路上,一眼就能看到,自然“明显”。

使用场景

该词广泛用于日常口语、学术写作、新闻报道和商务邮件。在日常口语中,常带主观强调或轻微讽刺,如“Obviously, you forgot.”(显然,你忘了。)。学术写作中,用于引出公认事实,如“Obviously, the results are consistent.”(显然,结果是一致的。)。新闻报道中,用于陈述明显结论,如“Obviously, the policy failed.”(显然,该政策失败了。)。商务邮件中,可礼貌地指出对方已知道的信息,如“Obviously, we need to meet the deadline.”(显然,我们需要赶上截止日期。)。语气上,口语更随意,书面语更正式。

语法要点

副词,通常修饰整个句子,置于句首、句中或句末。句首时常用逗号隔开,如“Obviously, he is wrong.”;句中时放在系动词或助动词之后,如“He is obviously wrong.”;句末较少见,如“He is wrong, obviously.”。易错点:不要与形容词 obvious 混淆,obvious 修饰名词,obviously 修饰动词、形容词或整个句子。

近义辨析

与 clearly(清楚地)相比,obviously 更强调“无需证明”,而 clearly 更强调“可见或可理解”。apparently(显然地)常指表面看来,可能并非事实;evidently(明显地)强调基于证据的明显性;plainly(明白地)更口语化。例如:The answer is obviously correct.(答案显然是正确的。)vs. The answer is clearly correct.(答案清楚地是正确的。)后者更强调可验证性。

需要留意

语域中性,但口语中可能带有讽刺或挖苦语气,需注意语境。褒贬色彩取决于内容:用于陈述事实时中性,用于指责他人时略带负面。常见误用:将 obviously 用于不确定的情况,如“Obviously, he might be late.”(显然,他可能会迟到。)逻辑矛盾,应避免。

常用组合

obviously wrong
显然错误的
obviously true
显然真实的
obviously happy
明显开心的
obviously upset
明显不安的
obviously important
明显重要的
obviously need
显然需要
obviously impossible
显然不可能的

双语例句

Obviously, she is upset about the decision.显然,她对那个决定感到不安。
He obviously forgot to call me back.他显然忘了给我回电话。
Are you going to accept the offer? Obviously!你会接受这个提议吗?当然!
The results are obviously flawed, as the sample size was too small.结果显然有缺陷,因为样本量太小。
Obviously, you should apologize for your mistake.显然,你应该为你的错误道歉。
She obviously enjoys her new job, judging by her enthusiasm.从她的热情来看,她显然很喜欢新工作。