本义为“与……放在一起比较”,强调将两个或多个对象并置,观察其异同。引申义有三:其一,表示“与……相比”,用于说明相对差异,如“Compared with last year, sales increased.”;其二,表示“与……对照”,用于发现相似性,如“Compared with her sister, she is tall.”;其三,在学术或正式语境中,用于引入对比基准,如“Compared with the control group, the experimental group showed improvement。”各义项均基于“并置比较”这一基本概念,从具体动作引申至抽象对比。
该短语广泛用于学术写作(如论文中对比数据)、商务报告(如分析业绩)、新闻报道(如比较经济指标)及日常口语(如评价商品)。在学术和商务语境中,语气正式、客观,常伴随数据或事实;日常口语中语气较随意,可带主观感受。例如,学术写作:“Compared with previous studies, this research uses a larger sample.” 日常口语:“Compared with my old phone, this one is much faster。”
语法要点
“compared with”是介词短语,后接名词、代词或动名词,在句中作状语,可置于句首或句末。常见句型:Compared with A, B + 谓语。注意:当compared作过去分词时,其逻辑主语须与主句主语一致,否则易产生悬垂分词错误。例如,正确:“Compared with last year, our profits rose.” 错误:“Compared with last year, the weather was warmer.”(逻辑主语应为“天气”,但天气不能“比较”)。此外,在正式写作中,常与“to”区分:强调相似性用“compared to”,强调差异用“compared with”,但现代英语中常混用。
近义辨析
“compared with”与“compared to”常互换,但严格区分:前者强调对比差异,后者强调类比相似。例如:“Compared with his brother, he is quiet.”(对比差异)“He compared the heart to a pump.”(类比相似)。另外,“in comparison with”与“compared with”同义,但更正式;“relative to”强调相对关系;“versus”用于对比对立项。选择时,若强调差异或相似则用“compared with/to”;若强调比例或相对性则用“relative to”;若用于标题或摘要,可用“versus”。
需要留意
“compared with”语域中性,可用于口语和书面语,无褒贬色彩。常见误用:1) 与“compared to”混淆,在正式写作中应按上述区分;2) 悬垂分词错误,如前述例子;3) 在比较时,比较对象需逻辑对等,如“Compared with men, women live longer.” 不可写成“Compared with men, the lifespan of women is longer.”(主语“lifespan”与“men”不对等)。
常用组合
compared with the previous year
与上一年相比
compared with the control group
与对照组相比
compared with the national average
与全国平均水平相比
compared with the original plan
与原计划相比
compared with other options
与其他选项相比
compared with what was expected
与预期相比
双语例句
Compared with last year, our sales have increased by 20%.
与去年相比,我们的销售额增长了20%。
The new model is more efficient compared with the old one.
与旧型号相比,新型号更高效。
Compared with many of her classmates, she is very shy.
与许多同学相比,她非常害羞。
Compared with the results of the first experiment, the second showed a significant improvement.
与第一次实验的结果相比,第二次显示了显著改善。
Living in the city is more convenient, but compared with the countryside, it is also more stressful.