Heijin

accuse sb. of sth.

英 /əˈkjuːz/美 /əˈkjuz/

v. 动词

指控;控告;指责;谴责

含义详解

accuse sb. of sth. 的核心含义是“指控或指责某人做了某事”。本义指在法律上正式控告某人犯罪,如“He was accused of theft.”(他被指控偷窃)。引申义则用于日常语境,指非正式地指责某人有过错或不当行为,如“She accused him of lying.”(她指责他撒谎)。从法律到日常,语气强度递减,但都含有“归咎于某人”的意味。

词源解析

accuse 源自拉丁语 accusare,由 ad-(向)和 causa(理由、诉讼)组合而成,意为“向法庭提出诉讼”。中古英语时期进入英语,拼写逐渐演变为 accuse。记忆时可联想 ad-(向)+ cause(原因),即“给出原因指向某人”,从而引申为指控。

使用场景

accuse sb. of sth. 广泛用于法律文本、新闻报道、日常口语和学术写作。在法律文本中,语气正式且严肃,指正式控告;新闻报道中常用于报道犯罪或丑闻,如“The politician was accused of corruption.”;日常口语中,语气相对轻,但仍有指摘意味,如“Don't accuse me of being late!”;学术写作中,常用来分析指控行为,如“Critics accuse the theory of being too simplistic.”。

语法要点

accuse 是及物动词,常用句型为 accuse sb. of sth. 或 accuse sb. of doing sth.。注意介词必须用 of,不可用 for。被动语态常见,如“He was accused of murder.”。易错点:accuse 后不能直接接 that 从句,需用“accuse sb. of + 名词/动名词”结构。

近义辨析

与 accuse 近义的词有 charge、allege、blame。charge 更正式,常用于法律指控,如“He was charged with robbery.”;allege 指未经证实的宣称,常出现在新闻中,如“The report alleges that the company lied.”;blame 则侧重于归咎责任,不一定有法律效力,如“She blamed him for the mistake.”。accuse 介于 charge 和 blame 之间,既可正式也可日常。

需要留意

accuse 属于中性偏正式词汇,但根据语境可带负面色彩,因为指控本身含有贬义。注意不要与“allege”混淆,allege 更强调未经证实。常见误用包括用 for 代替 of,或误用 that 从句。在正式写作中,accuse 后常接具体罪名,避免模糊表达。

常用组合

accuse sb. of a crime
指控某人犯罪
accuse sb. of lying
指责某人说谎
accuse sb. of cheating
指责某人作弊
accuse sb. of negligence
指责某人疏忽
be accused of
被指控
wrongly accused
被冤枉的
accuse each other
互相指责

双语例句

The police accused him of stealing the car.警方指控他偷了那辆车。
She accused her colleague of not doing his share of the work.她指责同事没有完成自己那份工作。
The article accuses the government of ignoring the crisis.这篇文章指责政府忽视危机。
He was accused of murder and brought to trial.他被控谋杀,并受到审判。
Don't accuse me of being unfair; I just stated the facts.别指责我不公平,我只是陈述事实。